The relationship between the brain development and the heart function in the context of PHOX2B mediated signalling

The human body has a very close connection between our brain and heart, which is called the brain‑heart axis. If the brain cannot develop properly, the nerve signals sent to the heart will be disordered. This paper carries out comprehensive analysis on human PHOX2B homeobox protein, including transmembrane structure prediction, cross‑species sequence alignment and protein‑protein interaction network construction, followed by a gene‑editing strategy. PHOX2B acts as an intracellular transcription factor. According to the results of this study, it is highly conserved among species, and it interacts closely with RET, GDNF, and ASCL1 to regulate autonomic neuron development within the brain‑heart axis. CRISPR technology can be used to generate various mutations on the gene to establish models for future research. However, this study only uses online database prediction and calculation, which creates certain limitations for the reliability of all the conclusions. Overall, this paper provides theoretical evidence linking PHOX2B structure to brain‑heart balance and offers clear directions for future experimental verification.