Current State of Monoclonal Antibodies in Clinical Trials to Treat Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurological disorder globally, with nearly 90,000 new diagnoses annually in the U.S. alone. The disease is driven by the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn), which destroys dopaminergic neurons. Current therapies, such as levodopa, only provide symptomatic relief without targeting the root cause of neurodegeneration. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target α-syn aggregates have emerged as a potential disease-modifying treatment. This review evaluates the development and results of major clinical trials, including prasinezumab (Roche/Prothena), cinpanemab (Biogen), MEDI1341/TAK-341 (AstraZeneca/Takeda), and Lu AF82422 (Lundbeck), and discusses their mechanisms, efficacy, and limitations, and assesses their potential to advance disease-modifying therapy for PD.