September 2026 (Vol. 11 Issue 4)
Comparative Radiation Tolerance of Lead and Antimony based Perovskites under Proton Irradiation for Photovoltaic Applications
Abiha Saqib and Olugbenga Olabiyi
15/09/2026
All-inorganic metal halide (IMH) perovskites have been the subject of intensive experimental and theoretical research in the recent past for their superior thermal and chemical stability, along with high radiation tolerance relative to their organic-inorganic counterparts. IMH perovskites’ high radiation ...
Membrane Fouling in Ultrafiltration of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) Protein Purification: Impacts and Mitigation Strategies to Improve Process Efficiency
Lucas Berghahn Closs
15/09/2026
This work investigates membrane fouling in the ultrafiltration of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis), with the objective of studying its impact on protein extraction. Through a qualitative literature review, fouling was characterized as a dynamic and multiscale phenomenon that can be enhanced by physical and ...
Enhancing Account Recovery for Low-Income Users: A Comparative Analysis of MFA with Shamir’s Secret Sharing and Secure Multi-Party Computation with Garbled Circuit
Helen Gelagay Emiru
15/09/2026
Based on various research, people in the world don't give emphasis to their phone's security, which leads them to cyberattacks. There are different reasons for their negligence. Starting from the security system’s complexity, not having the money to buy advanced security materials, not having access to advanced ...
Comparative Evolutionary and Epigenetic Analysis of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 P1 and P4 Promoters in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Sailaubek Nurislam
15/09/2026
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is transcribed from five promoters with distinct developmental and tissue-specific activities. P1 is the dominant promoter in healthy adult liver, whereas P4 is predominantly active during fetal development and is largely silent in adult liver. Because hepatocellular carcinoma ...
Hamiltonian Learning Through Lie-Theoretic Methods
Evan Wael Salama Gadelkarem Salama
15/09/2026
This paper presents a method for identifying unknown coefficients of basis elements in an effective Hamiltonian of single-qubit cases. This is done directly from the measurement statistics of a quantum system's unitary evolution, utilizing a unique method of Lie algebra coefficient recovery. The method ...
Autonomous Deforestation Monitoring in Pakistan: A Multi-Drone, AI-Based System for Real-Time Deforestation Protection
Romaan Jawwad
15/09/2026
Illegal deforestation is a growing concern for ecologically fragile areas like the Kaghan Valley in Pakistan [1]. Despite being an economic engine and a significant geographical link, the area has no real-time monitoring system to log illegal deforestation. Conventional methods like satellite imaging and physical ...
A Comparative Analysis of Different Placements of Engines in Aircraft
Abdussami Tajeen
15/09/2026
The renewed interest in commercial supersonic transport has increased the need for aircraft designs that are aerodynamically and economically efficient. That being said, engine placement influences key aerodynamic aspects that determine an aircraft’s efficiency. The review compares four engine placements: ...
Evaluating the Efficacy of ESG Integration in India: A Comparative Risk-Adjusted Performance Analysis of Exclusionary vs. Best-in-Class Mutual Funds
Aarav Sacheti
15/09/2026
This paper examines whether sustainable investment portfolios generate superior risk-adjusted returns relative to the broader market, using the Indian context as a case study. It compares the risk-adjusted performance of two Indian ESG funds, the SBI ESG Exclusionary Strategy Regular Growth fund, which ...
The Mind Is Not a Data Point: Neural Privacy and the Failure of Cognitive Liberty
Ismum Al-Araf
15/09/2026
Neural data, defined as the information generated by consumer neurotechnology devices such as electroencephalogram (EEG) headsets and brain-computer interfaces, differs categorically from other forms of biometric data. Unlike a fingerprint or a facial scan, a neural recording encodes pre-conscious ...
Between School and Work: The Effects of Part-Time Employment on Adolescent Self-esteem
Mariia Ivanova
15/09/2026
A vast literature has explored how family socioeconomic status affects adolescent self-esteem. However, comparatively little attention has been paid to teenagers' own economic activity. I’ve addressed that gap using data from the 2018 Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional ...
A Proof-of-Concept Convolutional Neural Network for Estimating the Total Mass of Binary Black Hole Systems from their Gravitational Waves
Ryan Yamani
15/09/2026
Gravitational wave detections provide information about the physical properties of their source binary system, such as the total mass of the system. Typically, these parameters are extracted by comparing observed gravitational wave signals with waveform models. This study presents a proof-of-concept ...
Impact of Driving-Cycle Characteristics on Electric-Vehicle Battery Performance: A Bayesian-Optimization Framework
Sai Samyuktha Pammi
14/09/2026
The energy consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) is significantly influenced by driving behavior, yet battery packs are often sized against uniform standard test cycles. This work presents a dual contribution: an empirical analysis of battery sizing sensitivity across transient driving conditions and a critical ...
From cyclotrons to Cancer Therapy: A Physics-Based Simulation of Proton Beam Interactions in Human Tissue
Piya Arora
14/09/2026
Since 1930, when Ernest Orlando Lawrence first conceived the device, the cyclotron has facilitated numerous achievements in nuclear and medical physics. This paper explores the physical principles behind the device, which uses a perpendicular magnetic field to deflect charged particles in a spiral ...
Curcumin-Mediated Regulation of the IKK/NF-κB Inflammatory Pathway in Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
Vishwa Reddy and Dev Rajpara
14/09/2026
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the fastest-growing diseases around the globe, affecting millions of people each year. In addition to blood glucose levels, this disease is largely driven by chronic inflammation. Although inflammation is vital to the body’s immune system, chronic inflammation can ...
Physical Reward Tiers and Backer Behaviour in Social-Impact Crowdfunding
Dahn (Sara) Kwon
14/09/2026
This study examines associations between physical reward tiers and backer behaviour in Kickstarter social-impact campaigns. It distinguishes reward-based crowdfunding, in which backers choose and pay for listed rewards, from unconditional charitable giving. Using 2,034 campaigns and a cleaned tier-level ...
The Vietnam Imperative: Kissinger, China, and the Origins of the Shanghai Communique (1969-72)
Saatvik Kailash
14/09/2026
The Shanghai Communiqué was a joint statement issued by the United States and the People’s Republic of China in 1972, representing a critical step toward the normalization of relations between the two nations and a significant shift in Cold War geopolitics. While often overlooked, the Communiqué marked ...
Laboratory-Scale Screening of Boron Nitride-Reinforced Hydrogel Cooling Layers for Passive Thermal Management of Photovoltaic Modules
Soundarya Shankar
14/09/2026
The rapid expansion of solar photovoltaics has increased interest in passive cooling materials that can reduce module temperature without additional electrical power. This study evaluated boron nitride (BN)-reinforced hydrogel sheets as rear-mounted cooling layers for miniature photovoltaic panels under ...
Elder Fraud in China: Understanding Risks, Methods, and Prevention Strategies
Yihan Sheng
14/09/2026
China has an aging population, and studies have shown that older Chinese adults are more susceptible to experiencing fraud victimization. Despite the increased vulnerability of older Chinese adults, there is sparse research that has applied a mixed-methods approach to documenting the factors that influence ...
The Transformation of Civil Rights in the United States: How Brown v. Board of Education Case Shaped Global Views on Segregation
Ranvir Gupta
14/09/2026
The 1954 Supreme Court Case ruling in Brown v. Board of Education is arguably the most pivotal legal decision in American history, dismantling the "separate but equal” doctrine established by the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) decision and kickstarting the broader Civil Rights movement. This historical paper ...
Gender and Investment Risk Appetite: A Behavioural Finance Perspective
Sasha Rastogi
14/09/2026
Economic, psychological and demographic factors influence the investment decision-making process, and one such demographic factor is gender. This study discusses the correlation between the attitudes of gender and the self-reported investment risk appetite, and takes into account the relationship between the ...
Attention Control and Emotional Regulation Among Long-Term Adolescent Taekwondo Practitioners With and Without ADHD: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study
Tomer Barnoon
14/09/2026
Most existing research on martial arts and ADHD measures cognitive test scores in children, leaving out important details of how adolescents themselves experience the training. Previous studies rarely examine emotional regulation as its own outcome. Therefore, the current exploratory mixed-methods study ...
An Evaluation of the Socio-Economic Impacts of Unified Payments Interface (UPI) as a Financial Innovation in India
Medhansh Jain
14/09/2026
Financial innovation has transformed payment systems by improving efficiency, accessibility and financial inclusion through digital technologies. Amongst these innovations, India's Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has emerged as one of the world’s most influential real-time payment systems, ...
The Relationship Between ESG Scores and Long-Term Stock Performance
Roshan Jain
14/09/2026
ESG investing, evaluating companies based on environmental impact, social responsibility, and governance quality, has become a more important part of stock markets, as investors consider sustainability and ethical practices, along with traditional performance metrics. This paper seeks to ...
Beyond Enforcement: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Punjab’s 75-Micron Plastic Bag Regulation in Lahore
Rania Allauddin
14/09/2026
Plastic pollution is a major environmental problem across Pakistan. Single-use plastic items accumulate as waste, polluting waterways and soil. To reduce overall single-use plastic waste, the Punjab government released the 2023 regulations on the production and consumption of single-use plastic. This regulation required plastic bags across Punjab to have a minimum thickness of 75 microns (micrometers) and ...
Palau’s Reefs at a Crossroads: Balancing Economic Needs with Marine Conservation and Climate Adaptation
Yuwei Wu
14/09/2026
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the current status of Palau’s coral reef ecosystems, analyzing the environmental threats they face, traditional and modern governance systems built to protect them, and the economic pressures that complicate their long-term conservation. Palau is home to some of the world’s ...
Understanding the Translational Bottleneck: How Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Cryo-Electron Microscopy, and Artificial-Intelligence-Driven In Silico Modeling Transform Lethal Venoms into Medicinal Therapies
Ruhikaa Kumar Pannem
14/09/2026
While venom peptides hold immense potential for therapeutic drug development, characterization of these proteins has historically been constrained by limitations of traditional wet-lab bioassay guided fractionation. This “translational bottleneck” stems from a central question found in the study of ...
Economic Transitions and Land Reform: Comparative Case Study in Zimbabwe and South Africa
Minghao Gu
14/09/2026
This paper examines the post-colonial economic development and land reform policies in Zimbabwe and South Africa, two countries with similar histories of colonial oppression, economic inequality, and land distribution inequity. Using a comparative case study approach analyzing historical evidence, existing ...
Memory Laws and Free Expression: Comparing Democratic Approaches to Regulating Collective Memory
Ayeesha Singhania
14/09/2026
How societies remember, interpret, and represent past violence is not only defined by historical scholarship but also legal regulation. Various democratic states have adopted techniques, like memory laws, to create restrictions on how historical information is remembered and discussed and to preserve ...
Integrating a Large Language Model with Reinforcement Learning for Intelligent Traffic Signal Control
Gaurav Vuligonda
14/09/2026
Effective traffic light systems are essential to improve traffic flow, fuel efficiency, and public health. Traditional traffic light systems operate on fixed timers that give each direction equal green light time, making them inefficient under varying road environments. This study proposes and evaluates a hybrid ...
Sex Bias in Clinical Trials: How the Historical Underrepresentation of Women Shapes Drug Safety and Treatment Outcomes
Hasini Juluri
14/09/2026
Clinical trials are foundational for drug approval, dosing standards, and treatment guidelines. Yet, women were systematically excluded from these studies for much of the 20th century. To address this gap, this literature review examines how the historical exclusion of women from clinical trials has transformed ...