September 2026 (Vol. 11 Issue 3)
Modelling the Golf Downswing as a Driven Double Pendulum: A Lagrangian Analysis of Wrist Release Timing and Clubhead Speed
Richie Liu
09/09/2026
The distance of a golf drive is determined primarily by the speed of the clubhead at the moment of impact. In this paper, the downswing of a driver shot is modelled as a driven double pendulum, consisting of a rigid arm link rotating about a fixed hub and a rigid club link connected at the wrists. The links move ...
On Toxic Positivity in Educational Settings: A Neuroscientific Rejoinder
Siying Lu
09/09/2026
Scholarship in pedagogy often seeks to balance cognitive development with other growth benchmarks (e.g. emotional maturity, conscientiousness). Recently, educational spaces have emphasized the role of positivity building as a means to strike that balance, but critics have identified a tendency for positive ...
Manufacturing Choice: A Sociological Critique of Advertising
Elisha Rajpal
09/09/2026
Modern societies emphasise consumer choice as a symbol of freedom and a reflection of one’s individuality, by relying on this cognitive bias to downplay the extent to which one’s consumer preferences are moulded by external factors. Sociologists have long theorised about this phenomenon, ...
A Key-Switching Protocol for the Homomorphic Encryption of IoT Data
Pratyush Bindal, Behrad Ahmadpour and Himaanshi Bansal
09/09/2026
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a growing field, and, as such, we must prioritise the security of data held within these devices due to their vulnerability, as they are commonly low-powered or unprotected. There exist homomorphic encryption schemes that allow secure computations on data from IoT devices. Still, ...
Digital Media’s Influence on Shaping Collective Memory through Misleading Nostalgia
Naina Rewal
09/09/2026
Digital media have transformed the ways individuals and societies encounter, preserve, and interpret the past. Social media platforms provide users with opportunities to revisit personal experiences, share cultural memories, and participate in collective forms of remembering. At the same time, digital ...
Pricing Structure and Market Segmentation in Korean Theatre
Buhm (David) Kwon
09/09/2026
Korean musical theatre charges substantially higher VIP ticket prices than dramatic plays, but the source of this price gap is more complex than a direct licensing-based explanation. Using a hand-collected dataset of 162 theatrical productions staged in Korea between 2006 and 2025, this study tests four ...
Cognition on a Caloric Cliff: Analyzing the Impact of Self-Reported RED-S Risk Factors on Female Adolescent Athlete’s Cognition
Lila Fenimore
09/09/2026
Women are more susceptible to developing Alzheimer’s disease. Specifically, women are two to three times more likely to develop Alzheimer’s compared to their counterparts (Aggarwal, 2023). Estrogen levels in the female body have been studied by previous researchers to attempt to address the disparity. ...
Ethics or Returns: How Ethical-Financial Trade-Offs Shape Investor Decision-Making
Thomas Landon
09/09/2026
Behavioral economists and ethical theorists have long debated whether investors act on moral values or financial incentives when making investment decisions. While prior research has examined investor attitudes toward ESG and socially responsible investing, existing research has not directly measured how ...
The Impact of Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) on Consumer Behavior among Youth in Russia
Anton Povalii
09/09/2026
Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services allow consumers to receive goods immediately while dividing payment into smaller installments. Although BNPL is often presented as a convenient payment option, concerns have emerged about its effects on spending behavior and financial discipline, particularly among ...
Opposite Ideology, Parallel Policy: the USA and the USSR in the Third World during the Cold War
Maxwell Rothman
09/09/2026
The Cold War was a period marked by stark contrasts and division between the USA and USSR. However, on the topic of the Third World, both superpowers broadly agreed. This paper explores the parallels in the policies of the Soviet Union and the United States toward non-aligned nations through ...
From Principles to Practice: Measurement as the Bridge Between Ethical AI and Responsible AI
Syed Mohammad Shayaan Hasnain
09/09/2026
The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increased the need for organizations to translate ethical principles into actionable and governable practices. While ethical AI establishes normative principles such as fairness, transparency, and explainability, responsible AI requires ...
Evaluating AI Diagnostic Accuracy for Early-Stage Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Kavya Mohanasundaram
09/09/2026
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare neurological disorder in which the immune system attacks the peripheral nervous system, which can cause paralysis and sometimes respiratory failure. Clinicians miss it over 51% of the time, and 16% of patients get the wrong diagnosis, leading to a delay in treatment up to ...
Greek Myth and Myth Retelling: Differences in Adolescent Engagement
Alice Su
09/09/2026
Fiction improves empathetic ability, and increased engagement amplifies these benefits. Readers adopt different types of engagement for fiction and non fiction, but ancient Greek myths are neither. This study provides insights from qualitative interviews of 36 adolescents (aged from 13 to 19) attending a suburban ...
Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms of Drug Failure and Role of Molecular Docking in Antibiotic Development
İrem Ünlü
09/09/2026
The rapid rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious global health crisis that compromises the effectiveness of conventional antibiotic treatments. This paper describes the main biochemical targets of antibiotics, such as peptidoglycan assembly, ribosomal protein synthesis, and nucleic acid replication, and ...
Protecting Children from AI Generated Deepfakes: A Comparative Legal Analysis of India, United Kingdom and The United States of America
Keyaan Sharma
09/09/2026
The world is growing rapidly and artificial intelligence (AI) is developing even faster. AI is helpful but if it is in the wrong hands it leads to many problems which affect people globally. If AI is wrongly used it leads to cybercrime such as digital frauds, harassment of people through deepfakes, cyberbullying, ...
The Age of the Universe: From Globular Clusters to Cosmological Parameters
Dhruv Punjabi
09/09/2026
The age of the Universe is a fundamental cosmological parameter that can be inferred independently from stellar astrophysics and from theoretical cosmology, and comparing the two provides a stringent test of the CDM model. Here we determine the absolute ages of seven Milky Way globular clusters from ...
A Study of the Life-span approximation of Organic Photovoltaic Cells through Accelerated Thermal Aging
Aarrush Chaturvedi
09/09/2026
Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) are cheaper, more sustainable and easier to fabricate alternatives to traditional silicon-based photovoltaics. Regardless of significant strides in OPV research, major barriers to commercialization exist. A significant barrier is their sensitivity to environmental conditions causing ...
To What Extent Does Socioeconomic Status Influence Online Participation?
Juhyeok Sim
09/09/2026
The second level digital divide, a gap in digital skills among those who have access to the Internet (Hargittai, 2002; DiMaggio et al., 2001), caused a shift in the research of digital divide from mere physical Internet access to differences in how individuals actually use the available technology. While ...
Opportunistic Constructivism: Examining Türkiye’s Strategy Recalibration in Libya Post-2019
Mohamd Mehdi Mlaouah
09/09/2026
The 2019 Maritime Memorandum between Türkiye and Libya’s Government of National Accord marks an inflection point in Ankara’s involvement in the Libyan scene. Following this memorandum, Türkiye shifted its engagement in Libya from primarily soft-power policies prior to 2019 toward a ...
How has land-use change affected vegetation productivity in Uzbekistan since 2000?
Asilbek Ashrapov
09/09/2026
Throughout the years, as a soviet state, Uzbekistan was highly dependent on cotton cultivation that led to land degradation and soil salinization. Since 2000, the government drastically reduced cotton growing area and increased wheat cultivation to provide diversification and food security. This poses an essential ...
Coverage Without Consensus: An Evolutionary Game-Theoretic Analysis of Punjab’s 2025 HPV Vaccination Campaign
Fatima Mohsin Naqvi
09/09/2026
The September 2025 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) immunization drive in Punjab marked the country's largest-ever vaccination campaign for a single disease, since the polio eradication drive. This study reports three simultaneous outcomes: provincial coverage of 81 percent of the eligible cohort against a ...
A Staff Approach to Animal Assisted Therapy
Anna Lissounova
09/09/2026
In this qualitative one on one interview study there is an emphasis on the importance of narrowing down the research done on AAT to be region specific. There is abundance in research done on AAT being biased in a fully positive or negative connotation, with an expectation to provide readers with a clear yes ...
The Relationship Between Jejueo Commodification and Domestic Tourists’ Perceptions of Jejueo
Jiwon Hailey Park
09/09/2026
This study examines the relationship between the commodification of Jejueo, an endangered language spoken on Jeju Island, in tourist contexts and the perceptions of the language held by domestic tourists. It aims to contribute to a better understanding of the effect of language commodification on language ...
Beyond Awareness: Psychological, Social, and Structural Factors Associated with Sustainable Behavior Among Adolescents in Urban Bengaluru, India
Suhani Mehta and Resham Jain
09/09/2026
Adolescence is an essential phase of human growth and development, during which pro-environmental beliefs and behaviors develop and frequently carry over into adulthood. This research explored the psychological, social, and situational factors associated with sustainable actions (donation and reuse) of ...
Assessing Income-Based Inequalities in India’s Education and Healthcare Systems
Aarohi Maheshwari
09/09/2026
This research paper examines the extent to which access to education and healthcare in India remains unequal across income groups and gender. Using the Human Capital Theory and the Capabilities Approach, the paper explores how disparities in these two sectors limit upward mobility and reinforce ...
Dental Microplastics Negatively Impact the Digestive and Respiratory Systems
Kevin Lang
09/09/2026
Humans are increasingly exposed to microplastics through daily oral hygiene routines and dental procedures performed with plastic materials. Microplastics have been proven to cause negative health effects, especially to the organs of the digestive and respiratory systems. Although many studies have ...
Gender Discrimination in Workplaces in Turkey: The Gap between Legal Protections and Implementation
Ekin Deveci
09/09/2026
This paper examines the extent to which International Human Rights Law and European Human Rights Law effectively address discrimination against women in Turkey, with an emphasis on the implementation of legal protections addressing workplace gender discrimination. Although Turkey has ...
Consumer Decision‑Making Under Decoys: How Price, Quantity, and Quality Shape the Attraction Effect
Christian Min
09/09/2026
This paper examines how different decoy attributes influence consumer behaviour among three different car options. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: A control condition with no decoy and three experimental conditions with a decoy. This decoy is an inferior option ...
Predicting Future Orbital States Across Three Different Orbit Types Using Artificial Neural Networks
Nayana Jayakumar
09/09/2026
With the rapid growth in space exploration and commercialization, the number of Resident Space Objects (RSO’s) has significantly increased, raising the risk of orbital collision. As of September 2025, there are around 23030 satellites in Earth’s orbit with more than 650 estimated collisions, according to the ...
Drift at the Door: Indiana’s Juvenile Transfer Laws and the State’s Rehabilitative Commitment
Malek Kamal
09/09/2026
Indiana’s juvenile code promises both rehabilitation and public safety, yet most recent juvenile cases entering adult court bypass individualized juvenile-court waiver hearings. This study traces the historical, statutory, and doctrinal development of Indiana’s transfer system and analyzes state reports on juveniles ...